Rheology and adhesion performance of adhesives formulated with lignins from agricultural waste straws subjected to solid-state fermentation

In this study, modified residual lignins from barley and wheat straws submitted to solid-state fermentation with diverse Streptomyces strains were targeted as binders in eco-friendly castor oil-based polyurethane adhesive formulations. The thermo-rheological adhesion properties of these adhesives examined related the yields. Viscoelastic enhanced by lignin addition, action generally increased values linear viscoelastic functions. Adhesion performance was dominated source further activity can be correlated resulting lignocellulosic composition. Wheat straw lignin-based showed best metal-textile peeling tests, whereas provided achievements terms shear strength metal-metal wood-wood joints. Overall, demonstrated a suitable pretreatment conveniently modify improve fractions for application environmental-friendly